Janka hardness scale
How to compare the relative hardness of hardwoods
The Janka hardness test measures the hardness of wood. It measures the force required to embed a 0.444 inch steel ball into wood to half the ball's diameter. It is a good measurement technique to determine the relative hardness across hardwoods.
| Tree Species |
Hardness |
|
| Brazilian Walnut/Lapacho/Ipe |
3,684 |
|
| Brazilian Teak/Cumaru/Brazilian Chestnut |
3,540 |
|
| Brazilian Cherry/Jatoba |
2,350 |
| Santos Mahogany/Cabrueva |
2,200 |
| Merbau |
1,925 |
| Brazilian Oak/Amendoim |
1,912 |
| Tigerwood |
1,850 |
| Hickory |
1,820 |
| Rosewood |
1,780 |
| Kempas |
1,710 |
| Wenge |
1,630 |
| Zebrawood |
1,575 |
| Timborana |
1,570 |
| Sapele |
1,510 |
| Hard Maple |
1,450 |
| Natural Bamboo |
1,380 |
| White Oak |
1,360 |
| Ash |
1,320 |
| Red Oak |
1,290 |
| Yellow Birch |
1,260 |
| Heart Pine |
1,225 |
| Peruvian Walnut |
1,080 |
| American Walnut/Black Walnut |
1,010 |
| American Cherry |
950 |
| Cedar |
900 |
| Southern Yellow Pine - Long leaf |
870 |
| Southern Yellow Pine - Short leaf |
690 |
| Douglas Fir |
660 |
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